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tor/exit_node/index.md
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tor/exit_node/index.md
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author: nihilist
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date: 2024-01-29
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gitea_url: "http://git.nowherejezfoltodf4jiyl6r56jnzintap5vyjlia7fkirfsnfizflqd.onion/nihilist/blog-contributions/issues/102"
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xmr: 8AUYjhQeG3D5aodJDtqG499N5jXXM71gYKD8LgSsFB9BUV1o7muLv3DXHoydRTK4SZaaUBq4EAUqpZHLrX2VZLH71Jrd9k8
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---
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# TOR Exit Node
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Before we start, make sure you either rent a VPS anonymously (tor+XMR + ssh via tor) click [here](https://kycnot.me/search?q=hosting&type=service) for the list of anonymity-friendly hosting providers or rent a VPS on a cloud provider that [explicitly](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/good-bad-isps/) allows for tor exit nodes to be hosted on their platform.
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As a disclaimer, you need to know who allows these tor exit nodes, if you're going to pick a random host provider to host an exit node for you, you really don't know how the host may respond to that. Therefore it is best to pre-emptively see who actually accepts those exit nodes by looking at their TOS or by contacting them for additional information.
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⚠️ Beware that authorities aren't always aware of tor exit node and what to do from a legal stand point. Before hosting an exit node, please take time to do sufficient legal research. People have been arrested all around the world and had a lot of trouble with authorities because they hosted exit nodes. If you are still motivated to get your own exit node, keep the phone number of a lawyer specialised in this field just in case anything goes wrong. ⚠️
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Now you can get a domain name to resolve to your exit node, or just use the one provided by njal.la :
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Now regarding the choice of location for the server, in order to make sure that Tor remains decentralised, make sure that you are picking a country that doesn't have many tor nodes (see the [bubbles graph](https://metrics.torproject.org/bubbles.html#country)):
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_Disclaimer:_ **Do not host your Tor node in Germany, Netherlands or in the US, as there are already too many nodes in those countries.** Try to run your own Tor nodes in countries that have the least nodes preferably, as this will help keeping the Tor network decentralized.
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 _Sidenote:_ Help us improve this tutorial by letting us know if there's anything missing or incorrect on this [git issue](http://git.nowherejezfoltodf4jiyl6r56jnzintap5vyjlia7fkirfsnfizflqd.onion/nihilist/blog-contributions/issues/102) directly!
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## **Initial setup**
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Log into your Debian server and add Tor repository.
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This will allow you to update your Tor daemon to latest versions just after they're released. It's not recommended to use **tor** package from Debian repository since it's usually out of date.
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To do that, [check the steps on Tor project's website](https://support.torproject.org/apt/tor-deb-repo/). Commands I run are listed below, but they may change in the future.
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root@Datura:~# apt update -y && apt upgrade -y
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root@Datura:~# apt install apt-transport-https curl tmux vim obfs4proxy gnupg2 -y
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root@Datura:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list | head -n3
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deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/deb.torproject.org-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org bookworm main
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deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/deb.torproject.org-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org bookworm main
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root@Datura:~# wget -qO- https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89.asc | gpg --dearmor | tee /usr/share/keyrings/deb.torproject.org-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
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root@Datura:~# apt update -y
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root@Datura:~# apt install tor nyx
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From inside nyx you can view tor's status :
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root@exit:~# nyx
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inside nyx you can use the left and right arrow to navigate the different pages:
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Above you can see the connections, pressing right again shows how your server is configured, along with extra details on each setting:
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Next we make sure it's an exit like so: (be aware that this is where it gets dangerous if you're not doing this on a non-KYC VPS, or on a cloud provider that doesnt accept tor exit nodes.
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root@exit:~# vim /etc/tor/torrc
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root@exit:~# cat /etc/tor/torrc
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RunAsDaemon 1
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ControlPort 9051
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CookieAuthentication 1
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ORPort 9001
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Nickname anonymous
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ExitPolicy accept *:* # Accept exit connections
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ExitPolicy reject private:* # Block private IPv4
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IPv6Exit 1 # Allow IPv6 connections
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ExitPolicy accept6 *:* # Accept IPv6
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ExitPolicy reject6 [FC00::]/7:* # Block private IPv6
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ExitPolicy reject6 [FE80::]/10:* # Block link-local IPv6
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ExitPolicy reject6 [2002::]/16:* # Block 6to4 addresses
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you can also make a stricter tor exit policy like so:
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root@Datura:~# cat /etc/tor/torrc
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RunAsDaemon 1
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ControlPort 9051
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CookieAuthentication 1
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ORPort 9001
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Nickname Datura
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ExitPolicy accept *:20-21 # FTP
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ExitPolicy accept *:43 # WHOIS
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ExitPolicy accept *:53 # DNS
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ExitPolicy accept *:80-81 # HTTP, HTTP alt.
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ExitPolicy accept *:443 # HTTPS
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ExitPolicy accept *:5222-5223 # XMPP, XMPP over
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ExitPolicy accept *:6667-7000 # IRC
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ExitPolicy accept *:8008 # HTTP alternate
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ExitPolicy accept *:8082 # HTTPS Electrum Bitcoin port
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ExitPolicy accept *:8332-8333 # Bitcoin
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ExitPolicy accept *:8888 # HTTP Proxies, NewsEDGE, HUSH coin
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ExitPolicy accept *:9418 # git - Git pack transfer service
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ExitPolicy accept *:50002 # Electrum Bitcoin SSL
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ExitPolicy accept *:64738 # Mumble - voice over IP
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ExitPolicy accept *:18080-18081 # Monero
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ExitPolicy reject *:*
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ExitPolicy reject private:* # Block private IPv4
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IPv6Exit 1 # Allow IPv6 connections
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ExitPolicy accept6 *:* # Accept IPv6
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ExitPolicy reject6 [FC00::]/7:* # Block private IPv6
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ExitPolicy reject6 [FE80::]/10:* # Block link-local IPv6
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ExitPolicy reject6 [2002::]/16:* # Block 6to4 addresses
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And then just restart the tor service to make sure the exit node is active:
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root@exit:~# systemctl restart tor@default
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root@exit:~# systemctl status tor@default
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● tor@default.service - Anonymizing overlay network for TCP
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Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/tor@default.service; enabled-runtime; preset: enabled)
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Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-01-29 10:43:02 UTC; 5s ago
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Process: 3852 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/install -Z -m 02755 -o debian-tor -g debian-tor -d /run/tor (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
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Process: 3853 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/tor --defaults-torrc /usr/share/tor/tor-service-defaults-torrc -f /etc/tor/torrc --RunAsDaemon 0 --verify-config (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
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Main PID: 3855 (tor)
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Tasks: 3 (limit: 19110)
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Memory: 140.1M
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CGroup: /system.slice/system-tor.slice/tor@default.service
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└─3855 /usr/bin/tor --defaults-torrc /usr/share/tor/tor-service-defaults-torrc -f /etc/tor/torrc --RunAsDaemon 0
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Jan 29 10:43:03 exit Tor[3855]: Bootstrapped 75% (enough_dirinfo): Loaded enough directory info to build circuits
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Jan 29 10:43:04 exit Tor[3855]: Bootstrapped 89% (ap_handshake): Finishing handshake with a relay to build circuits
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Jan 29 10:43:04 exit Tor[3855]: Bootstrapped 90% (ap_handshake_done): Handshake finished with a relay to build circuits
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Jan 29 10:43:04 exit Tor[3855]: Bootstrapped 95% (circuit_create): Establishing a Tor circuit
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Jan 29 10:43:05 exit Tor[3855]: Bootstrapped 100% (done): Done
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Jan 29 10:43:05 exit Tor[3855]: Now checking wheter IPv4 ORPort 80.78.22.215:9001 is reachable... (this may take up to 20 minutes -- look for log messages indicating success)
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Jan 29 10:43:05 exit Tor[3855]: Now checking wheter IPv6 ORPort [2a0a:3840:8078:22:0:504e:16d7:1337]:9001 is reachable... (this may take up to 20 minutes -- look for log messages indicating success)
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Jan 29 10:43:06 exit Tor[3855]: Self-testing indicates your ORPort [2a0a:3840:8078:22:0:504e:16d7:1337]:9001 is reachable from the outside. Excellent.
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Jan 29 10:43:06 exit Tor[3855]: Self-testing indicates your ORPort 80.78.22.215:9001 is reachable from the outside. Excellent. Publishing server descriptor.
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Jan 29 10:43:06 exit Tor[3855]: Performing bandwidth self-test...done.
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root@exit:~# nyx
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Then wait a few hours for the exit node to appear on tor metrics, then you can take the node fingerprint (example 916EDD8E5D61613BBC7B6CCEFB2778AE706786B9) and check it's status on torproject.org [here](https://metrics.torproject.org/rs.html#search/flag:exit).
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After that, you need to wait 2 weeks for the exit node to be fully operational as explained [here](https://blog.torproject.org/lifecycle-of-a-new-relay/).
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"A new relay, assuming it is reliable and has plenty of bandwidth, goes through four phases: the unmeasured phase (days 0-3) where it gets roughly no use, the remote-measurement phase (days 3-8) where load starts to increase, the ramp-up guard phase (days 8-68) where load counterintuitively drops and then rises higher, and the steady-state guard phase (days 68+). "
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