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# Physical Surveillance Setup 

![](0.png)

In this tutorial, we're going to look at how we can have some physical security on a raspberry pi with just a few simple usb webcams. 

## **Initial Setup**

First plug the usb webcam to the raspberry pi device, and check if it is being recognised by the OS:
    
    
    #plugging in one webcam
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → lsusb
    Bus 002 Device 002: ID 1058:2621 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements 2621
    Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
    **Bus 001 Device 003: ID 046d:0807 Logitech, Inc. Webcam B500**
    Bus 001 Device 002: ID 2109:3431 VIA Labs, Inc. Hub
    Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
    
    
    #After plugging a second webcam
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → lsusb | grep -i webcam
    Bus 001 Device 003: ID 046d:0807 Logitech, Inc. Webcam B500
    Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0c45:89a0 Microdia JOYACCESS JA-Webcam
    	
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → apt install v4l2-ctl -y
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → v4l2-ctl --list-devices
    bcm2835-codec-decode (platform:bcm2835-codec):
            /dev/video10
            /dev/video11
            /dev/video12
            /dev/video18
            /dev/video31
            /dev/media1
    
    bcm2835-isp (platform:bcm2835-isp):
            /dev/video13
            /dev/video14
            /dev/video15
            /dev/video16
            /dev/video20
            /dev/video21
            /dev/video22
            /dev/video23
            /dev/media2
            /dev/media3
    
    rpivid (platform:rpivid):
            /dev/video19
            /dev/media0
    
    **JOYACCESS JA-Webcam: JOYACCESS  (usb-0000:01:00.0-1.3):
            /dev/video2
            /dev/video3
            /dev/media5**
    
    **UVC Camera (046d:0807) (usb-0000:01:00.0-1.4):
            /dev/video0
            /dev/video1
            /dev/media4**
    
    

Now that we know it is being recognised, we can start recording when it detects movement, to do that we use the motion package:
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → apt install motion
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree... Done
    Reading state information... Done
    The following additional packages will be installed:
      ffmpeg fontconfig libaacs0 libass9 libasyncns0 libavc1394-0 libavcodec58 libavdevice58 libavfilter7 libavformat58
      libavresample4 libavutil56 libbdplus0 libbluray2 libbs2b0 libcaca0 libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcdio-cdda2
      libcdio-paranoia2 libcdio19 libchromaprint1 libcodec2-0.9 libdatrie1 libdc1394-25 libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-nouveau2
      libdrm-radeon1 libepoxy0 libflite1 libgbm1 libgdk-pixbuf-2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgl1
      libgl1-mesa-dri libglapi-mesa libglvnd0 libglx-mesa0 libglx0 libgme0 libgraphite2-3 libgsm1 libharfbuzz0b
      libiec61883-0 libjack-jackd2-0 liblilv-0-0 libllvm11 libmariadb3 libmicrohttpd12 libmp3lame0 libmpg123-0 libmysofa1
      libnorm1 libopenal-data libopenal1 libopenmpt0 libopus0 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0
      libpgm-5.3-0 libpixman-1-0 libpocketsphinx3 libpostproc55 libpq5 libpulse0 librabbitmq4 libraw1394-11 librsvg2-2
      librsvg2-common librubberband2 libsdl2-2.0-0 libsensors-config libsensors5 libserd-0-0 libshine3 libsnappy1v5
      libsndfile1 libsndio7.0 libsodium23 libsord-0-0 libsoxr0 libspeex1 libsphinxbase3 libsratom-0-0 libsrt1.4-gnutls
      libssh-gcrypt-4 libswresample3 libswscale5 libthai-data libthai0 libtheora0 libtwolame0 libudfread0 libva-drm2
      libva-x11-2 libva2 libvdpau-va-gl1 libvdpau1 libvidstab1.1 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libvpx6 libvulkan1
      libwavpack1 libwayland-client0 libwayland-cursor0 libwayland-egl1 libwayland-server0 libx11-xcb1 libx264-160
      libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0
      libxcb-sync1 libxcb-xfixes0 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxkbcommon0 libxrandr2
      libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxss1 libxv1 libxvidcore4 libxxf86vm1 libz3-4 libzmq5 libzvbi-common libzvbi0
      mariadb-common mesa-va-drivers mesa-vdpau-drivers mesa-vulkan-drivers mysql-common ocl-icd-libopencl1
      pocketsphinx-en-us shared-mime-info va-driver-all vdpau-driver-all x11-common
    Suggested packages:
      ffmpeg-doc libbluray-bdj jackd2 libportaudio2 opus-tools pulseaudio libraw1394-doc librsvg2-bin xdg-utils
      lm-sensors serdi sndiod sordi speex default-mysql-client postgresql-client opencl-icd
      nvidia-legacy-390xx-vdpau-driver nvidia-legacy-340xx-vdpau-driver
    The following NEW packages will be installed:
      ffmpeg fontconfig libaacs0 libass9 libasyncns0 libavc1394-0 libavcodec58 libavdevice58 libavfilter7 libavformat58
      libavresample4 libavutil56 libbdplus0 libbluray2 libbs2b0 libcaca0 libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcdio-cdda2
      libcdio-paranoia2 libcdio19 libchromaprint1 libcodec2-0.9 libdatrie1 libdc1394-25 libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-nouveau2
      libdrm-radeon1 libepoxy0 libflite1 libgbm1 libgdk-pixbuf-2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgl1
      libgl1-mesa-dri libglapi-mesa libglvnd0 libglx-mesa0 libglx0 libgme0 libgraphite2-3 libgsm1 libharfbuzz0b
      libiec61883-0 libjack-jackd2-0 liblilv-0-0 libllvm11 libmariadb3 libmicrohttpd12 libmp3lame0 libmpg123-0 libmysofa1
      libnorm1 libopenal-data libopenal1 libopenmpt0 libopus0 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0
      libpgm-5.3-0 libpixman-1-0 libpocketsphinx3 libpostproc55 libpq5 libpulse0 librabbitmq4 libraw1394-11 librsvg2-2
      librsvg2-common librubberband2 libsdl2-2.0-0 libsensors-config libsensors5 libserd-0-0 libshine3 libsnappy1v5
      libsndfile1 libsndio7.0 libsodium23 libsord-0-0 libsoxr0 libspeex1 libsphinxbase3 libsratom-0-0 libsrt1.4-gnutls
      libssh-gcrypt-4 libswresample3 libswscale5 libthai-data libthai0 libtheora0 libtwolame0 libudfread0 libva-drm2
      libva-x11-2 libva2 libvdpau-va-gl1 libvdpau1 libvidstab1.1 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libvpx6 libvulkan1
      libwavpack1 libwayland-client0 libwayland-cursor0 libwayland-egl1 libwayland-server0 libx11-xcb1 libx264-160
      libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0
      libxcb-sync1 libxcb-xfixes0 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxkbcommon0 libxrandr2
      libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxss1 libxv1 libxvidcore4 libxxf86vm1 libz3-4 libzmq5 libzvbi-common libzvbi0
      mariadb-common mesa-va-drivers mesa-vdpau-drivers mesa-vulkan-drivers motion mysql-common ocl-icd-libopencl1
      pocketsphinx-en-us shared-mime-info va-driver-all vdpau-driver-all x11-common
    0 upgraded, 151 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
    Need to get 115 MB of archives.
    After this operation, 322 MB of additional disk space will be used.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
    	
    

To then setup motion you can read through the documentation [here](https://motion-project.github.io/motion_config.html)
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → vim /etc/motion/motion.conf
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → cat /etc/motion/motion.conf
    # Rename this distribution example file to motion.conf
    #
    # This config file was generated by motion 4.3.2
    # Documentation:  /usr/share/doc/motion/motion_guide.html
    #
    # This file contains only the basic configuration options to get a
    # system working.  There are many more options available.  Please
    # consult the documentation for the complete list of all options.
    #
    
    ############################################################
    # System control configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Start in daemon (background) mode and release terminal.
    daemon off
    
    # Start in Setup-Mode, daemon disabled.
    setup_mode off
    
    # File to store the process ID.
    ; pid_file value
    
    # File to write logs messages into.  If not defined stderr and syslog is used.
    log_file /var/log/motion/motion.log
    
    # Level of log messages [1..9] (EMG, ALR, CRT, ERR, WRN, NTC, INF, DBG, ALL).
    log_level 6
    
    # Target directory for pictures, snapshots and movies
    target_dir /mnt/VAULT/cameras
    
    # Video device (e.g. /dev/video0) to be used for capturing.
    ;videodevice /dev/video2
    
    # Parameters to control video device.  See motion_guide.html
    ; vid_control_params value
    
    # The full URL of the network camera stream.
    ; netcam_url value
    
    # Name of mmal camera (e.g. vc.ril.camera for pi camera).
    ; mmalcam_name value
    
    # Camera control parameters (see raspivid/raspistill tool documentation)
    ; mmalcam_control_params value
    
    ############################################################
    # Image Processing configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Image width in pixels.
    width 1920
    
    # Image height in pixels.
    height 1080
    
    # Maximum number of frames to be captured per second.
    framerate 2
    
    # Text to be overlayed in the lower left corner of images
    text_left Desk
    
    # Text to be overlayed in the lower right corner of images.
    text_right %Y-%m-%d\n%T-%q
    
    ############################################################
    # Motion detection configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Always save pictures and movies even if there was no motion.
    emulate_motion off
    
    # Threshold for number of changed pixels that triggers motion.
    threshold 1500
    
    # Noise threshold for the motion detection.
    ; noise_level 32
    
    # Despeckle the image using (E/e)rode or (D/d)ilate or (l)abel.
    despeckle_filter EedDl
    
    # Number of images that must contain motion to trigger an event.
    minimum_motion_frames 1
    
    # Gap in seconds of no motion detected that triggers the end of an event.
    event_gap 60
    
    # The number of pre-captured (buffered) pictures from before motion.
    pre_capture 10
    
    # Number of frames to capture after motion is no longer detected.
    post_capture 10
    
    ############################################################
    # Script execution configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Command to be executed when an event starts.
    ; on_event_start value
    
    # Command to be executed when an event ends.
    ; on_event_end value
    
    # Command to be executed when a movie file is closed.
    ; on_movie_end value
    
    ############################################################
    # Picture output configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Output pictures when motion is detected
    picture_output off
    
    # File name(without extension) for pictures relative to target directory
    picture_filename %Y%m%d%H%M%S-%q
    
    ############################################################
    # Movie output configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Create movies of motion events.
    movie_output on
    
    # Maximum length of movie in seconds.
    movie_max_time 60
    
    # The encoding quality of the movie. (0=use bitrate. 1=worst quality, 100=best)
    movie_quality 50
    
    # Container/Codec to used for the movie. See motion_guide.html
    movie_codec mkv
    
    # File name(without extension) for movies relative to target directory
    movie_filename %t-%v-%Y%m%d%H%M%S
    
    ############################################################
    # Webcontrol configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # Port number used for the webcontrol.
    webcontrol_port 8080
    
    # Restrict webcontrol connections to the localhost.
    webcontrol_localhost off
    
    # Type of configuration options to allow via the webcontrol.
    webcontrol_parms 0
    
    ############################################################
    # Live stream configuration parameters
    ############################################################
    
    # The port number for the live stream.
    stream_port 8081
    
    # Restrict stream connections to the localhost.
    stream_localhost off
    
    ##############################################################
    # Camera config files - One for each camera.
    ##############################################################
    camera /etc/motion/camera1.conf
    camera /etc/motion/camera2.conf
    ; camera /usr/etc/motion/camera3.conf
    ; camera /usr/etc/motion/camera4.conf
    
    ##############################################################
    # Directory to read '.conf' files for cameras.
    ##############################################################
    ; camera_dir /usr/etc/motion/conf.d
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [/etc/motion]
    → cat camera1.conf
    # /usr/etc/motion/camera1.conf
    #
    # This config file was generated by motion 4.3.2
    
    ###########################################################
    # Configuration options specific to camera 1
    ############################################################
    # User defined name for the camera.
    camera_name cam1
    
    # Numeric identifier for the camera.
    camera_id 101
    
    # The full URL of the network camera stream.
    #netcam_url rtsp://yourcamera1ip:port/camera/specific/url
    videodevice /dev/video0
    
    #framerate
    framerate 5
    
    # Image width in pixels.
    width 800
    
    # Image height in pixels.
    height 600
    
    # Text to be overlayed in the lower left corner of images
    text_left Desk
    
    #filepath
    target_dir /mnt/VAULT/cameras
    
    # File name(without extension) for movies relative to target directory
    movie_filename DESK_%t-%v-%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [/etc/motion]
    → cat camera2.conf
    # /usr/etc/motion/camera1.conf
    #
    # This config file was generated by motion 4.3.2
    
    ###########################################################
    # Configuration options specific to camera 1
    ############################################################
    # User defined name for the camera.
    camera_name cam2
    
    # Numeric identifier for the camera.
    camera_id 102
    
    # The full URL of the network camera stream.
    #netcam_url rtsp://yourcamera1ip:port/camera/specific/url
    videodevice /dev/video2
    
    #framerate
    framerate 5
    
    # Image width in pixels.
    width 800
    
    # Image height in pixels.
    height 600
    
    # Text to be overlayed in the lower left corner of images
    text_left Staircase
    
    #filepath
    target_dir /mnt/VAULT/cameras
    
    # File name(without extension) for movies relative to target directory
    movie_filename STAIRCASE_%t-%v-%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → vim /etc/default/motion
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → cat /etc/default/motion
    start_motion_daemon=yes
    	
    

Then start motion:
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → systemctl stop motion
    
    [term1]
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [~]
    → motion
    [0:motion] [NTC] [ALL] conf_load: Processing thread 0 - config file /etc/motion/motion.conf
    [0:motion] [NTC] [ALL] create_path: creating directory /var/log/motion
    [0:motion] [NTC] [ALL] motion_startup: Logging to file (/var/log/motion/motion.log)
    
    [term2]
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/1 ] [/mnt/VAULT/cameras]
    → tail -f /var/log/motion/motion.log
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: Supported palettes:
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: (0) MJPG (Motion-JPEG)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: (1) YUYV (YUYV 4:2:2)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_set: Testing palette YUYV (800x600)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [WRN] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_set: Adjusting resolution from 800x600 to 640x480.
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_set: Using palette YUYV (640x480)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: Selected palette YUYV
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:51] image_ring_resize: Resizing pre_capture buffer to 1 items
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:52] image_ring_resize: Resizing pre_capture buffer to 11 items
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:52] image_ring_resize: Resizing pre_capture buffer to 11 items
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [EVT] [Dec 19 17:31:56] event_newfile: File of type 8 saved to: /mnt/VAULT/cameras/DESK_101-01-2022-12-19_17:31:54.mkv
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:56] motion_detected: Motion detected - starting event 1
    
    [term3]
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/2 ] [/mnt/VAULT/cameras]
    → watch -n1 ls -lash
    	
    

System-wise that's how you will look for camera events, you will see your recordings appear in the /mnt/VAULT/cameras/ folder (thats configurable in the config files) like so: 
    
    
    [term2]
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/1 ] [/mnt/VAULT/cameras]
    → tail -f /var/log/motion/motion.log
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: Supported palettes:
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: (0) MJPG (Motion-JPEG)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: (1) YUYV (YUYV 4:2:2)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_set: Testing palette YUYV (800x600)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [WRN] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_set: Adjusting resolution from 800x600 to 640x480.
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_set: Using palette YUYV (640x480)
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [VID] [Dec 19 17:31:51] v4l2_pixfmt_select: Selected palette YUYV
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:51] image_ring_resize: Resizing pre_capture buffer to 1 items
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:52] image_ring_resize: Resizing pre_capture buffer to 11 items
    [2:ml2:cam2] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:52] image_ring_resize: Resizing pre_capture buffer to 11 items
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [EVT] [Dec 19 17:31:56] event_newfile: File of type 8 saved to: /mnt/VAULT/cameras/DESK_101-01-2022-12-19_17:31:54.mkv
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:31:56] motion_detected: Motion detected - starting event 1
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:32:56] mlp_actions: End of event 1
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [EVT] [Dec 19 17:34:24] event_newfile: File of type 8 saved to: /mnt/VAULT/cameras/DESK_101-02-2022-12-19_17:34:22.mkv
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:34:24] motion_detected: Motion detected - starting event 2
    [1:ml1:cam1] [NTC] [ALL] [Dec 19 17:35:24] mlp_actions: End of event 2
    
    [term3]
    Every 1.0s: ls -lash                                                             
    
    total 3.9M
     12K drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  12K Dec 19 17:34 .
    4.0K drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4.0K Dec 18 21:38 ..
    3.9M -rw-r--r--  1 root root 3.9M Dec 19 17:35 DESK_101-02-2022-12-19_17:34:22.mkv
    

In realtime you can see the live video feed on the webservice at port 8080:

![](1.png)

Here as you can see I have a webcam in my staircase (right) and one in my room (left).

To see the output of the files from your web-browser you can just run a nginx service into where the mp4 files are stored, and have autoindex on to freely browse them:
    
    
    apt install nginx
    rm /etc/nginx/sites-*/default
    vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/cameras.conf
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [/etc/nginx/sites-available]
    → cat cameras.conf
    server {
            listen 80;
            autoindex on;
            root /mnt/VAULT/cameras/;
    
    }	
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [/etc/nginx/sites-available]
    → ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/cameras.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [/etc/nginx/sites-available]
    → systemctl restart nginx
    
    

![](2.png)

Now let's look at how we can send a mail whenever we have a new file being created in /mnt/VAULT/cameras/. For this part you will need to have a functionning mail server, to know how to setup one please see [this tutorial](../../opsec/mailprivate/index.md) i made. My mail server is at 10.0.0.222
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/1 ] [~]
    → apt install ssmtp 
    	
    

Then edit the config file to send to the correct smtp server:
    
    
    vim /etc/ssmtp/ssmtp.conf
    	
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/1 ] [~]
    → cat /etc/ssmtp/ssmtp.conf
    
    mailhub=mail.nowhere.moe:587
    useSTARTTLS=YES
    AuthUser=surveillance
    AuthPass=D8410983292138128812732167397216736217362167927F
    
    

Then make sure the user exists on the smtp server:
    
    
    root@mail-nihilism:~# useradd -G mail -m surveillance
    root@mail-nihilism:~# id surveillance
    uid=1003(surveillance) gid=1003(surveillance) groups=1003(surveillance),8(mail)
    root@mail-nihilism:~# passwd surveillance
    New password:
    Retype new password:
    passwd: password updated successfully
    	
    

And then just send the mail:
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/1 ] [~]
    → echo "Test message from Linux server using ssmtp" | sudo ssmtp -vvv nihilist@nowhere.moe
    [<****-] 220 nowhere.moe ESMTP Postfix (Debian/GNU)
    [->] EHLO raspberrypi
    [ <****-] 250 CHUNKING
    [->] STARTTLS
    [ <****-] 220 2.0.0 Ready to start TLS
    [->] EHLO raspberrypi
    [ <****-] 250 CHUNKING
    [->] AUTH LOGIN
    [ <****-] 334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
    [->] c3VydmVpbGxhbmNl
    [ <****-] 334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
    [ <****-] 235 2.7.0 Authentication successful
    [->] MAIL FROM:** oot@raspberrypi>
    [<****-] 250 2.1.0 Ok
    [->] RCPT TO: <****nihilist@nowhere.moe>
    [ <****-] 250 2.1.5 Ok
    [->] DATA
    [ <****-] 354 End data with <****CR> <****LF>. <****CR> <****LF>
    [->] Received: by raspberrypi (sSMTP sendmail emulation); Tue, 20 Dec 2022 16:09:09 +0000
    [->] From: "root" <****root@raspberrypi>
    [->] Date: Tue, 20 Dec 2022 16:09:09 +0000
    [->] Test message from Linux server using ssmtp
    [->]
    [->] .
    [ <****-] 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 2B5D31202BB
    [->] QUIT
    [ <****-] 221 2.0.0 Bye

Then here we see that we recieved it:

![](5.png)

Now let's make it a little more sophisticated, i want it to send the mp4 recording in the mail, and only send it once it is a valid mp4 file (you check it with ffmpeg basically):
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [~]
    → cat watchdir.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    
    echo "[+] Watching for new recordings..."
    while true;do
            find /mnt/VAULT/cameras/ -name *.mp4 > /tmp/oldfiles
            sleep 1
            find /mnt/VAULT/cameras/ -name *.mp4 > /tmp/newfiles
    
    
            #comm -13 <****(echo $newfiles) <****(echo $oldfiles)
            newfiles=$(diff -u /tmp/oldfiles /tmp/newfiles | grep -E "^\+" | grep -v "+++" | tr -d '+')
    
            for line in $newfiles
            do
                    file $line
                    echo $line Sending the mail...
                    echo "checking the file: $(ffmpeg -v error -i $line -f null - | wc -l)"
                    while [ "$(ffmpeg -v error -i $line -f null - | wc -l)" -gt 0 ] ; do
                            echo "checking the file: $(ffmpeg -v error -i $line -f null - | wc -l)"
                            echo "waiting for mp4 file to finish..."
                            sleep 1
                    done
                    filename=$(basename $line)
                    echo -e "to: nihilist@nowhere.moe\nsubject: Movement Detected\nMovement detected at Home"| (cat - && uuencode $line $filename) | ssmtp nihilist@nowhere.moe
                    echo "[+] Watching for new recordings..."
            done
    done
    
    

I also want motion to activate only when i shutdown my mainpc, because that is usually when i leave my house. So i have the following script:
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [~]
    → vim monitor_mainpc.sh
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/0 ] [~]
    → cat monitor_mainpc.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    
    counter=1
    echo '[+] mainpc active, no need for surveillance...'
    while true; do
            timeout 10 ping -c1 10.0.0.10 &>/dev/null
            if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
                    if [ $counter -eq 0 ];
                    then
                        echo '[+] mainpc active, no need for surveillance...'
                        systemctl stop motion
                        systemctl status motion
                        counter=1 #dont stop motion more than once, until mainpc goes inactive
                        sleep 3
                    else
                        sleep 3
                    fi
            else
                    if [ $counter -gt 0 ];
                    then
                            echo '[+] mainpc inactive, enabling surveillance...'
                            systemctl start motion
                            systemctl status motion
                            counter=0 #dont start motion more than once, until mainpc goes active
                            sleep 10
                    else
                            sleep 3
                    fi
            fi
    done
    	
    

For both scripts, you need a systemd service to launch them, and also do not let motion start at bootup, as it will be handled by monitor_mainpc.sh
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → systemctl disable motion
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → vim /etc/systemd/system/watchdir.service
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → cat /etc/systemd/system/watchdir.service
    [Unit]
    Description=watchdir
    After=network-online.target
    Wants=network-online.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=simple
    ExecStart=/root/watchdir.sh
    ExecStop=kill -9 $(pidof /root/watchdir.sh)
    Restart=always
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → vim /etc/systemd/system/monitor_mainpc.service
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → cat /etc/systemd/system/monitor_mainpc.service
    [Unit]
    Description=monitor_mainpc
    After=network-online.target
    Wants=network-online.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=simple
    ExecStart=/root/monitor_mainpc.sh
    ExecStop=kill -9 $(pidof /root/monitor_mainpc.sh)
    Restart=always
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → systemctl daemon-reload
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → systemctl enable --now monitor_mainpc watchdir
    Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/monitor_mainpc.service → /etc/systemd/system/monitor_mainpc.service.
    Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/watchdir.service → /etc/systemd/system/watchdir.service.
    
    [ 10.0.0.223/16 ] [ /dev/pts/3 ] [~]
    → systemctl status monitor_mainpc watchdir
    ● monitor_mainpc.service - monitor_mainpc
         Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/monitor_mainpc.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
         Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-12-25 18:32:27 GMT; 6s ago
       Main PID: 3253 (monitor_mainpc.)
          Tasks: 2 (limit: 4915)
            CPU: 31ms
         CGroup: /system.slice/monitor_mainpc.service
                 ├─3253 /bin/bash /root/monitor_mainpc.sh
                 └─3326 sleep 3
    
    Dec 25 18:32:27 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started monitor_mainpc.
    Dec 25 18:32:27 raspberrypi monitor_mainpc.sh[3253]: [+] mainpc active, no need for surveillance...
    
    ● watchdir.service - watchdir
         Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/watchdir.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
         Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-12-25 18:32:27 GMT; 6s ago
       Main PID: 3254 (watchdir.sh)
          Tasks: 2 (limit: 4915)
            CPU: 223ms
         CGroup: /system.slice/watchdir.service
                 ├─3254 /bin/bash /root/watchdir.sh
                 └─3357 /bin/bash /root/watchdir.sh
    
    Dec 25 18:32:27 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started watchdir.
    Dec 25 18:32:27 raspberrypi watchdir.sh[3254]: [+] Watching for new recordings...